The War of the Austrian Succession refers to a conflict that occurred between the years 1740 and 1748. This war involved the major European powers of the time and was primarily fought over the issue of succession to the Habsburg monarchy in Austria. It was triggered by the death of Emperor Charles VI of Austria in 1740, as he had left no male heir. This led to a succession crisis, with several claimants vying for control over the Habsburg lands, including Maria Theresa, Charles VI's eldest daughter.
Various European powers, seeing an opportunity to exploit the chaos, took sides in the conflict. The main contenders were Austria (backed by Great Britain, the Dutch Republic, Saxony, and some Italian states) and Prussia (supported by France, Spain, and Bavaria). Other countries, such as Russia and Sweden, also had interests in the war.
The conflict had a complex series of military campaigns, with battles taking place in Europe and overseas colonies. It resulted in territorial changes, such as Prussia acquiring land previously controlled by Austria, and highlighted the shifting alliances and power struggles in Europe during that period.
The war ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, which confirmed Maria Theresa's status as the ruler of the Habsburg lands, but left several territorial disputes unresolved. The War of the Austrian Succession had lasting impacts, setting the stage for future conflicts and shaping the balance of power in Europe.
