Junctional ectopic tachycardias (JETs) are a type of abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid heartbeats that originate in the atrioventricular (AV) junction, which is the electrical connection between the atria and the ventricles in the heart. The term "ectopic" refers to the fact that the electrical signals causing the tachycardia originate from a location other than the normal sinus node, which is the heart's natural pacemaker.
During JETs, the electrical signals in the AV junction fire more frequently than normal, leading to a fast heart rate. This can result in symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, chest pain or fainting. JETs can occur spontaneously or be triggered by certain factors, including stress, caffeine, medications, or underlying heart conditions.
Diagnosis of JETs is usually done through an electrocardiogram (ECG), which measures the electrical activity of the heart. Treatment options for JETs depend on the severity of the symptoms and may vary from medication to control heart rate and rhythm to more invasive procedures such as catheter ablation, which involves selectively destroying the abnormal tissue causing the tachycardia. In some cases, no treatment is required, and the episodes of JETs may resolve on their own.
Overall, junctional ectopic tachycardias are a specific type of abnormal heart rhythm where fast heartbeats originate in the AV junction. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are important to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with this condition.
