Guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) is a species-specific virus that primarily infects guinea pigs, causing a variety of diseases and health issues. It belongs to the Herpesviridae family and is considered a significant research tool for studying human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections due to its biological similarities.
GPCMV exhibits a complex biological structure, characterized by a double-stranded DNA genome contained within an icosahedral capsid. The virus is transmitted through bodily fluids and close contact between infected and susceptible guinea pigs. GPCMV primarily infects the salivary glands, kidneys, and endothelial cells, leading to severe infections, especially in immunocompromised guinea pigs or newborn pups.
The symptoms of GPCMV infection may vary, but they commonly include weight loss, lethargy, nasal discharge, conjunctivitis, and respiratory distress. Infected females may also experience complications during pregnancy, including placental damage, fetal growth restriction, and congenital disorders.
Due to its similarities with HCMV, GPCMV serves as a valuable model for studying the pathogenesis and potential treatments for cytomegalovirus infections in humans. Researchers have utilized GPCMV to gain insights into how the virus replicates, evades the immune system, and causes diseases.
Overall, Guinea pig cytomegalovirus is a specific virus that affects guinea pigs, it causes a spectrum of diseases in these animals and serves as a vital tool for understanding and exploring the mechanisms and management of human cytomegalovirus infections.
