BEET WESTERN YELLOWS VIRUS Meaning and
Definition
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Beet Western Yellows Virus (BWYV) is a plant pathogenic virus that belongs to the genus Polerovirus. It primarily affects plants in the family Chenopodiaceae, particularly sugar beet crops. This infectious viral disease can result in severe economic losses for farmers and has been a major concern in various regions across the world where sugar beets are grown.
The symptoms of BWYV infection in sugar beet plants include yellowing and stunting, as well as the deformation of leaves and reduced root development. These symptoms can lead to reduced crop yields and a decline in plant health. The virus is transmitted through a persistent, circulative manner by aphids, specifically the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae), which feeds on the plants and acquires the virus.
BWYV is characterized by its single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome, which is encapsulated in a non-enveloped icosahedral protein coat. The virus replicates primarily in the phloem tissue and can establish systemic infections within the host plant. It is also known to interact with various plant proteins and manipulate the plant's physiological processes to facilitate its own replication and spread.
Control measures for BWYV involve the use of resistant sugar beet cultivars, which have been developed through breeding programs. Additionally, chemical insecticides may be applied to control aphid populations and reduce transmission of the virus. Proper crop management and sanitation practices, such as the removal of infected plants and weed hosts, can also help mitigate the spread of the virus.
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